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Explaining level changes

This calculation is done in two main parts; first work out the adjustment needed to match the results and then apply damping. This means that levels should always be 'about right' but the time taken to get there or the volatility is dependent on the damping.
A level also has 'level confidence' which drops if players haven't played for a long time or have had enexpected results. As low confidence levels adjust more quickly than high confidence levels, it allows these players to find their level more quickly without impacting their opponent's level too much.
Point scores are used as well as game scores for accuracy - particularly important for 3-0 results - though we can work with game scores only too, albeit with more damping.
Mismatched players are allowed for - you don't have to hammer your opponent. See explanation above if this applies to this match.
The section on damping is where we still have some options. We have recently made a change to damp league matches more than tournament matches and box matches even more than that. This gives added weight to the more important matches.
There are occasional, very small adjustments made to all players to keep the averages constant which are not covered here.
You don't get a bonus just for winning - if you want to go up you have to play better than expected against your opponent.
We have spent more than 5 years fine tuning the level calculations based on tens of thousands of match results and a great deal of feedback from players, team captains and coaches. It's the most usable and accurate ranking system there is in any sport, let alone squash.
For a more complete explanation of how levels are calculated (on which this system is based) see the help file here.
If you have thoughts/opinions on the above or any feedback on the way levels are calculated or updated, please contact us. We welcome all feedback, although we are keen squash players ourselves and would pefer to be on-court than in front of a screen so please be patient and please do try to see if your question has already been answered on the help page. We are unable to answer questions about hard anyone played in their match - we only get to see the results - and if your level didn't increase as expected please make sure you've looked at the above explanation before contacting us. If you want to go up the levels, train harder, listen to your coach and win more points. Or just be incredibly talented!

SquashLevels calculations

Raphael Kandra v Valentin Rapp (Thu 12 Oct 2017)

Match won by Raphael Kandra. Result: 3-11,11-6,11-4,11-2.

Starting level for Raphael Kandra: 33,930, level confidence: 76%. Set manually.
Starting level for Valentin Rapp: 19,011, level confidence: 60%.
Raphael Kandra to win as he is currently playing 78% better than Valentin Rapp.

Raphael Kandra won 75% of the games and 61% of the points.
This games result would be expected if he was better by around 25%.
This points result would be expected if he was better by around 57% (PAR scoring).
These are weighted and combined to calculate that Raphael Kandra played 35% better than Valentin Rapp in this match.

As Raphael Kandra has played below his allowed range at 26,604, his level reduction is 3.4% before damping. On the assumption that Raphael Kandra would normally have been playing at level 30,903 (based on typical behaviour), Valentin Rapp played better than expected and therefore gains a pre-damping level increase of 9.6%.

Allowing for the difference in level between the players, the adjustments have been reduced to 2.5% and 7.1% respectively.

Factoring in the relative levels of confidence which allows players with low confidence in their levels to change more quickly, the adjustment for Raphael Kandra changes to -2% and Valentin Rapp changes to +7.1%.

After applying standard match damping, the adjustment for Raphael Kandra becomes -0.8% and for Valentin Rapp becomes +2.2%.

Given Raphael Kandra's level and the type of match played, an additional damping of 60% has been applied to his level change.

Given Valentin Rapp's level and the type of match played, an additional damping of 37% has been applied to his level change.

Apply match/event weighting of 75% for 'Swiss Interclub 17/18' so the adjustment for Raphael Kandra is -0.4% and for Valentin Rapp is +1.2%.

Increase level confidence due to one more match played. Raphael Kandra: 87%, Valentin Rapp: 78%. Reduce level confidence based on how unexpected the result is. Raphael Kandra: 76%, Valentin Rapp: 68%.

A final adjustment of +0.3% has been made to both players as part of the automatic calibration that is performed after each match. All players in this pool will have been adjusted equally in order to remain equivalent to other player pools.

Final level for Raphael Kandra: 33,893, level confidence: 76%.
Final level for Valentin Rapp: 19,284, level confidence: 68%.